Journal of Customs and Trade

Aim: The Journal of Customs and Trade is an international, academic, and peer-reviewed journal that aims to bring together parties working in the academic and practical fields of Customs and Trade on a common platform. It is an academic publication that aims to be an effective tool for sharing scientific research findings, thoughts, evaluations, and analyses among academics, researchers, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and public institutions working in the field of customs and trade.

Journal of Customs and Trade aims to be a biannual scientific publication in which both academic and practice-based foreign trade-oriented topics are discussed in the basic field of social and human sciences. In addition to customs and trade, the publication includes specific areas such as general economy, foreign trade (domestic-foreign trade), export and import issues, related legal issues, taxation, finance and accounting transactions, international relations, and public administration.

Scope: Customs and Trade Journal accepts review and research articles on customs, domestic and foreign trade, micro and macroeconomic issues, law, finance, finance, accounting, and international relations. In addition to academics, experts on relevant subjects can also submit articles to the journal.

General Rules

• The publication languages of the Journal of Customs and Trade are Turkish and English.
• The responsible author for editorial correspondence should be clearly identified for articles with multiple authors.
• The authors are responsible for any distortions, inaccuracies, copyright infringements, plagiarism, etc., that may occur in the content or citations of published articles.
• The content of published articles is the responsibility of the authors. It is assumed that the authors have obtained the necessary approvals from ethics committees and institutions if required by the nature of the study.
• In Turkish articles, both in-text and in the bibliography, the spelling rules in the current edition of the Turkish Language Association (TDK) Spelling Guide must be followed.
• The APA7 guide should be followed for citations and references.
• The publication rights of the published articles belong to the publisher.
• A letter containing the following statement, signed by all authors, must be sent to the publisher: "The article has been read and approved by all authors, has not been submitted to another journal, the scientific ethics codes have been followed at every stage of the article preparation, and if the article is published, all publication rights will be transferred to the publisher."

Title, Abstract, Keywords, and JEL Codes:

• Each study must include a title in both Turkish and English, and an abstract in Turkish (Öz) and English (Abstract) of 150-200 words. The abstract and introduction sections should not be repetitive of each other.
• To classify the subject of the article, at least 3 and at most 6 keywords should be provided.
• Additionally, at least 1 and at most 4 JEL (Journal of Economic Literature) Classification Codes should be provided. JEL Codes can be viewed at https://www.aeaweb.org/econlit/jelCodes.php?view=jel.

Extended Summary for Turkish Submissions

• For Turkish-language studies accepted for publication, an Extended Summary in English, ranging from 600 to 800 words, is required. The Extended Summary section should be a well-edited text, written in accordance with English grammar rules, and should not be divided into subheadings or contain references. It should include the study's purpose, the need for the study, its contribution to the literature and original value, the methods and data used, key findings, policy recommendations if any, study limitations, and suggestions for future research.

Word Limits for Submissions:

• Research and review articles submitted to our journal should be between 5,000 and 10,000 words, including references and all other elements.

Style Guidelines

Font, Size, and Paper Dimensions:

• Manuscripts should be typed on A4 paper with standard page margins, justified alignment, in Times New Roman font, 12-point size, with single line spacing. One line of space should be left between paragraphs.

Heading Styles:

• Sections and subsections, except for Introduction and Conclusion, should be numbered in 10-point font. The section and subsection titles should be written after the corresponding number. Sections should be numbered as follows: (1., 2., 3., …), and subsections should be numbered as (1.1., 1.1.1., 1.2., 1.2.1., 1.2.2., 2.1., 2.1.1., 2.1.1.1., 2.1.1.2.).
• All titles, including the article title, should be capitalized only at the first letter of each word.
• Table, graph, and figure titles should be in bold, with only the first letters of each word capitalized, and written in 10-point font. Other content, including references, should be in 10-point font with single line spacing, and bold font should not be used.
• Tables and figures should be titled and numbered; titles should be placed above tables and below figures and graphs. Sources should be placed under tables and figures, and text color should be black only.

Number and Numerical Styles:

• Page numbers should be aligned to the right/left of the page bottom without parentheses, dashes, etc.
• Dates should be written in the day, month, year format with slashes in between (e.g., 22/11/2013). In percentage expressions, there should be no space between the percentage symbol (%) and the number (e.g., %45).
• Decimal points should be separated by commas, and numbers with four or more digits should be grouped in threes from the end with periods. Equation numbers should be placed in parentheses on the right side of the page. If the derivation of equations is not clearly shown in the text, the derivation process must be provided on a separate page for the editorial board's review.

References and Citation Rules:

• The APA7 Guide should be followed for in-text citations and references. The bibliography should be alphabetically ordered by the last name according to APA7. Examples for the reference list are provided below:

Books:
Ceyhan, S., & Atay, H. (2005). Açıklamalı İçtihatlı 5607 Sayılı Kaçakçılıkla Mücadele Kanunu. Yolsuzlukla Mücadele Derneği Yayınları.

Journals:
Özsoy, H. H. M., & Gümüş, M. (2012). Küreselleşmenin Ekonomi ve Hukuka Matematiksel Etkisi, Gümrük ve Ticaret Dergisi, 7(3), 29-40.

Edited Books and Book Chapters:
Krugman, P. (1995). The Move Toward Free Trade Zones. In P. King (Ed.), International Economics and International Economic Policy: A Reader (pp. 163-182). McGraw-Hill Inc.

Other Sources:
Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası. (2001). 2002 Yılında Para ve Kur Politikası ve Muhtemel Gelişmeler, Basın Duyurusu, 2 Ocak, Ankara, www.tcmb.gov.tr.

Demircioğlu, E. (2005). Çin’in Ekonomik Yükselişi, UEAP Discussion Paper, 1748, Uluslararası Ekonomik Araştırmalar Platformu, Adana.

• In-text citations should be shown as follows:

“... it is stated (Göktaş, 1982, pp. 210-215).”

“The opinion was advanced by Ceyhan (1970a, pp. 15-20).”

(Gupta et al., 1982, p. 286).

• Citations of multiple sources in one parenthesis should be shown as follows:

(Sarıyerlioğlu-Mahmut & Tünay-Mehmet Ali, 2003, p. 355; Demircioğlu, 1979, pp. 17-27).

NOTE: The opinions expressed in the articles published in the Customs and Trade Journal are those of the authors and do not bind the legal entity of the association. Authors who submit peer-reviewed/non-peer-reviewed articles to the journal are deemed to have accepted this rule.

CUSTOMS AND TRADE JOURNAL RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION ETHICS POLICY

PUBLICATION ETHICS AND ABUSE STATEMENT

Customs and Trade Journal is committed to applying the highest standards of publication ethics and complying with the following principles of the Publication Ethics and Abuse Declaration.
Manuscripts submitted to the journal are subjected to a double-blind peer review process by being reviewed by an Editor and at least two referees. Author statements that the submitted articles have been checked for plagiarism are taken as basis. If plagiarism is detected in the article during the editorial review and referee processes, these articles that do not comply with the standards will not be published in the journal. This rule also applies if non-compliance with the standard is detected at the post-publication stage and requires the manuscript to be withdrawn from publication. Our journal reminds us of our responsibility to report suspected cases of plagiarism or double publication, in accordance with publication ethics.

The publication processes implemented in the Journal of Customs and Trade directly reflect the quality of the authors' work. Peer-reviewed studies are studies that embody and support the scientific method. At this point, it is important that all stakeholders of the process (authors, readers and researchers, publishers, reviewers, and editors) comply with the standards regarding ethical principles. Within the scope of Customs and Trade Journal publication ethics, all stakeholders are expected to bear the following ethical responsibilities.

The ethical duties and responsibilities listed below were prepared by taking into account the guidelines and policies published by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) as open access. It is based on the Publication Ethics Flowcharts. Please click for detailed information on this subject. https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Flowcharts

RESPONSIBILITIES OF EDITORS, REVIEWERS AND AUTHORS

Author's Ethical Responsibilities

- Author(s) must ensure the originality of the articles they submit.
- Manuscripts sent to the journal for publication must not have been previously published in another journal or have not been simultaneously sent to any journal for publication.
- Authors should appropriately cite other authors, contributors, or sources and indicate relevant sources.
- Authors are obliged to disclose any financial relationships or areas of conflict of interest or competing interest that should be known about the study and could potentially affect the findings or scientific outcome of the study.
- They should clearly disclose all financial contributions, sponsorships, or project supports made to the study.
- Changing the author responsibilities of a study whose evaluation process has already started (such as adding authors, changing the author order, removing authors, etc.) cannot be proposed.
- When the author detects a significant scientific error or impropriety in his published article, he has the obligation to withdraw the article or contact the Editor as quickly as possible to correct the error.
- In studies requiring ethics committee permission, information about the permission (committee name, date, and issue number) should be included in the method section and on the first/last page of the article. In case reports, information about signing the informed consent/consent form must be included in the article.
- In other words, when the author uploads their article to the system, they must also upload their ethics committee-approved document and include permission information in the article.

Ethical Responsibilities of Reviewers
- Reviewers evaluate incoming manuscripts in terms of scientific content, regardless of the author's ethnicity, gender, nationality, religious beliefs, or political philosophies.
- For reviewers, There should be no conflict of interest or competing interests with respect to the research, authors, or sponsors. Referee decisions must be objective.
- Reviewers should indicate relevant published publications that have not been cited by the author.
- They are obliged to keep all information regarding the submitted article confidential and to notify the Editor when they become aware of copyright infringement or plagiarism by the author.
- When the reviewer thinks that the content of a submitted manuscript is incompatible with his/her own scientific field or knowledge, or in cases where he/she cannot make a rapid evaluation, he/she must inform the Editor and ask for forgiveness from the evaluation process.
- Click here to access the PDF document titled "Referee Guide" prepared by COPE. https://publicationethics.org/files/Peer%20review%20guidelines.pdf
Ethical Duties and Responsibilities of Editors
Editors and field editors of the Journal of Customs and Trade must have the following ethical duties and responsibilities based on the COPE Code of Conduct and Best Practice - Guidelines for Journal Editors and COPE Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors published as open access by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Click to access the PDF document titled “General Duties and

Responsibilities of Editors
https://publicationethics.org/files/2008%20Code%20of%20Conduct.pdf
- Editors evaluate incoming manuscripts in terms of scientific content, regardless of the author's ethnicity, gender, gender preference, nationality, religious beliefs, or political philosophies.
- They ensure a fair double-blind peer review process for publication of submitted manuscripts. They ensure that all information regarding the submitted article is kept confidential until it is published.
- Editors are responsible for the content and overall quality of the publication. They publish corrections when necessary via Erratum pages.
- Editor: It should not allow for any conflict of interest or competition between authors, editors, and reviewers.
- Only the Editor has full authority in the appointment of referees of the Journal of Customs and Trade and is responsible for the final decision regarding the publication of the articles.
- The editor is responsible for all processes of the works sent to the Customs and Trade Journal. In this context, the editor is the decision-maker, regardless of economic or political gains.
- It undertakes to create an independent editorial decision.
- It protects the ownership and copyright of every article published in the Journal of Customs and Trade and ensures that a record of every published copy is kept.
- The editor is responsible for taking precautions against all kinds of scientific misconduct, citation fraud, and plagiarism.

EDITORIAL INFORMATION

1- Editorial and Blind Review Processes: The editor is responsible for implementing the Blind Review and Evaluation Process policies included in the journal publication policies. In this context, the editor ensures that the evaluation process of each work is completed in a fair, impartial, and timely manner.
2- Quality Assurance: The editor is responsible for publishing every article in the journal in accordance with the journal's publication policies and international standards.
3- Protection of Personal Data: The editor is responsible for ensuring the protection of personal data regarding the subjects or images included in the evaluated studies. Unless the explicit consent of the individuals used in the studies is documented, it is the duty to refuse the study. Also, the editor is responsible for protecting the individual data of authors, referees, and readers.
4- Ethics Committee, Human and Animal Rights: Editor; It is responsible for ensuring the protection of human and animal rights in the evaluated studies. Ethics committee approval regarding the subjects used in the studies is responsible for rejecting the study in cases where there is no permission for experimental research.
5- Precautions Against Possible Abuse and Abuse: The editor is obliged to take precautions against possible abuse and malfeasance. In addition to conducting a meticulous and objective investigation to identify and evaluate complaints regarding this situation, sharing the relevant findings is among the editor's responsibilities.
6- Ensuring the Integrity of Academic Publication: The editor must ensure that errors, inconsistencies, or misdirection in the studies are quickly corrected.
7- Protection of Intellectual Property Rights: The editor is obliged to protect the intellectual property rights of all published articles and to defend the rights of the journal and the author(s) in case of possible violations. In addition, the editor is obliged to take the necessary precautions to ensure that the contents of all published articles do not violate the intellectual property rights of other publications. At this stage, authors must submit a plagiarism report along with their articles.
8- Political and Commercial Concerns: The journal owner, publisher, and any other political or commercial element do not affect the editors' independent decision-making.

NOTE: If you encounter or suspect an ethical violation in the Journal of Customs and Trade,  please notify us via e-mail at info@gumrukticaretdergisi.com.

Our Journal's content is free under open access. The journal is biannually published in March and September. There are no submission fees or Article Processing Charges (APC) for authors. Concomitantly, there are no royalties or payments for authors or reviewers.